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The Judge of All the Earth

Genesis 18:16-33

Three visitors rise from Mamre and look down toward Sodom; two go on as messengers and one remains, named four times Yahweh. Abraham still stands before him. What follows is a juridical exchange — the founding canonical instance of the tsedaqah u-mishpat formula, the only doubled chalilah in the Hebrew Bible, and the divine title (the Judge of all the earth) that the Psalter inherits and Paul universalizes. The verb Abraham chooses to launch his protest, saphah (sweep away), clusters four of its nineteen canonical occurrences in Gen 18 and 19. The posture he assumes, omed lifnei Yahweh (standing before Yahweh), becomes the canon's most developed structural pattern, reaching its permanent fulfillment in the one who always lives to intercede.